Artificial turf has become a popular solution for residential lawns, commercial landscapes, and sports fields, but a common concern is how well it handles water. Does it drain efficiently, or does water pool on the surface? In short: yes, artificial turf is permeable. Its design, when paired with proper installation, allows water to flow through the surface effectively, often surpassing the drainage performance of natural grass.
This article explores how artificial turf handles water, the types of backing available, drainage rates, and what factors influence its performance—helping you understand whether artificial grass meets your needs.
What Does Permeability Mean for Artificial Turf?
Permeability refers to the ability of a material to allow water to pass through it. Surfaces are classified as:
- Permeable: Water flows through naturally (e.g., natural grass, gravel, or permeable artificial turf).
- Impervious: Water cannot penetrate the surface, leading to runoff (e.g., concrete or asphalt).
Artificial turf is classified as permeable because its design allows water to drain through the backing and into the ground or drainage system below.
How Artificial Turf Handles Water
The ability of artificial turf to manage water depends on three key elements: backing type, sub-base preparation, and infill quality.
1. Turf Backing: Perforated vs. 100% Permeable
- Perforated Backing: This is the most common type, featuring small holes evenly spaced across the backing. It allows water to drain at a rate of 20–30 inches per hour, which is sufficient for heavy rain.
- 100% Permeable Backing: This advanced option has no solid areas, enabling water to pass through uniformly across the entire surface. It is ideal for applications requiring superior drainage, such as pet-friendly zones or regions with frequent downpours.
While 100% permeable backing offers higher performance, the difference is often negligible in standard residential applications if the installation is done correctly.
2. Sub-Base Preparation
The sub-base—the foundation beneath the turf—plays a critical role in water drainage. A well-prepared sub-base includes:
- Porous materials like crushed stone or gravel to allow water to disperse naturally into the ground.
- Proper compaction to prevent low spots where water could pool.
- A slight slope in installations on non-porous surfaces like concrete to guide water toward drains.
Without a permeable sub-base, even the best artificial turf will struggle to drain efficiently.
3. Role of Infill
Infill—the material spread between the turf blades—also supports drainage. It creates spacing that allows water to pass through the turf while preventing compaction. Fine granule infills like silica sand or antimicrobial-coated infill are ideal for heavy rain and pet-specific applications.
In pet areas, antimicrobial infill helps manage odors by ensuring urine drains quickly and preventing bacterial buildup.
How Much Water Can Artificial Turf Drain?
One of artificial turf's standout features is its impressive drainage capacity. On average:
- Perforated backing drains up to 30 inches of water per hour.
- 100% permeable backing can handle even higher volumes, exceeding 100 inches per hour in some cases.
To put this in perspective, most areas in the U.S. receive 30 inches of rain annually—a volume artificial turf systems can handle in just one hour. This makes artificial turf an excellent solution for areas with heavy rain, eliminating puddles and runoff issues common with natural grass.
Common Drainage Problems and Solutions
Although artificial turf is designed for efficient drainage, improper installation or low-quality materials can lead to issues.
1. Water Pooling
- Cause: Uneven or poorly compacted sub-base, compacted infill, or blocked drainage holes.
- Solution: Ensure the sub-base is made of porous materials like crushed stone and properly leveled. Choose infill that resists compaction, and keep the turf surface clean to prevent clogging.
2. Clogged Drainage Holes
- Cause: Debris, sand, or compacted infill blocking perforated backing holes.
- Solution: Regularly clean the turf with a broom or leaf blower, and use high-quality infill to reduce clogging.
3. Poor Drainage on Hard Surfaces
- Cause: Turf installed on non-permeable surfaces like concrete or asphalt without drainage systems.
- Solution: Use drainage mats or underlayments to channel water off the surface, and install turf with 100% permeable backing for better performance.
4. Odors in Pet-Friendly Areas
- Cause: Urine accumulating due to slow drainage or bacterial growth.
- Solution: Use turf with 100% permeable backing and antimicrobial infill, and rinse pet areas regularly with water or enzyme-based cleaners.
Applications for Permeable Artificial Turf
1. Residential Lawns and Landscaping
Permeable artificial turf eliminates puddles, mud, and runoff, providing a clean, usable outdoor space year-round.
2. Pet-Friendly Installations
Artificial turf with 100% permeable backing and antimicrobial infill ensures quick drainage and odor control, making it perfect for dog runs, kennels, and pet-friendly backyards.
3. Sports Fields
High drainage capacity and durability make artificial turf ideal for sports fields, ensuring the surface remains safe and usable even after heavy rain.
4. Commercial and Public Spaces
Parks, playgrounds, and outdoor event venues benefit from artificial turf’s ability to stay dry and clean, reducing maintenance while improving usability.
5. Rooftops and Pool Areas
Artificial turf transforms rooftops, patios, and pool surrounds into lush, functional spaces while managing water efficiently with drainage mats and permeable backing.
Is Artificial Grass Considered Permeable Under Local Codes?
The classification of artificial turf as permeable or impervious often depends on local building codes, the backing type, and the sub-base. To ensure compliance:
- Opt for 100% permeable backing for areas with strict water management regulations.
- Prepare a porous sub-base using materials like crushed stone.
- Consult local authorities to confirm requirements before installation.
In many cases, artificial turf with the right backing and sub-base is considered permeable, making it a compliant choice for storm water management.
FAQs About Artificial Turf Permeability
Can Artificial Turf Be Installed on Concrete With Proper Drainage?
Yes, artificial turf can be installed on concrete or other hard surfaces. However, additional drainage solutions, such as drainage mats or underlayments, are necessary to channel water off the surface. Choosing turf with 100% permeable backing also helps improve water flow.
How Does Artificial Turf Prevent Puddles and Flooding?
Artificial turf prevents puddles and flooding through:
- Permeable backings (either perforated or 100% permeable) that allow water to drain through.
- A well-prepared sub-base, usually made of crushed stone or gravel, which disperses water into the ground.
- Properly distributed infill that supports water flow between the turf blades.
When installed correctly, most artificial turf systems can handle up to 30 inches of water per hour, far surpassing the drainage needs of heavy rainfall.
What Are the Best Backing Options for Pet-Friendly Turf?
For pet-friendly installations, 100% permeable backing is ideal. It allows urine and water to drain uniformly across the entire surface, reducing the risk of odor buildup. Combining this backing with antimicrobial infill and regular cleaning ensures a hygienic, odor-free environment for pets.
Can Artificial Turf Be Used for Rooftop Installations?
Yes, artificial turf works well for rooftop gardens, terraces, and balconies. When combined with drainage mats and 100% permeable backing, it provides excellent water flow, reducing the risk of puddles and runoff.
Is Artificial Grass Better Than Natural Grass for Drainage?
In many cases, yes. While natural grass can become waterlogged and muddy after heavy rain, artificial grass is designed to drain water quickly and efficiently. With proper installation, artificial turf remains usable and puddle-free, even after significant rainfall.